BOJ Holds Rate at 0.5% Amid Price Slump, U.S. Concern (Update3)
By Mayumi Otsuma
April 10 (Bloomberg) -- The Bank of Japan kept interest rates unchanged for a second month after consumer prices fell and recent data signaled U.S. economic growth may slow.
Governor Toshihiko Fukui and his policy board colleagues voted unanimously to hold the key overnight lending rate at 0.5 percent, the lowest among major economies, the bank said in a statement today in Tokyo. The decision was expected by all 49 economists surveyed by Bloomberg News.
Fukui will probably give the bank's latest view on the outlook for the U.S. economy and Japan's inflation when he speaks this afternoon for the first time since the consumer price report. Confidence among Japan's largest manufacturers slipped from a two-year high on concern a U.S. slowdown may hurt exports, the central bank's quarterly Tankan business survey showed last week.
``There's still a pretty big chance for a rate hike later this year if the central bank can confirm Japan's growth is supported by demand at home, even if the U.S. economy deteriorates,'' said Ryutaro Kono, chief economist at BNP Paribas Securities Japan Ltd. ``We expect the bank to act in the fourth quarter.''
The yen traded at 159.87 per euro at 3:22 p.m. in Tokyo, after falling to a record 159.88. Japan's currency was at 119.10 against the dollar compared with 119.03 before the policy decision was announced.
Moderate Expansion
The central bank said the economy is ``expanding moderately,'' led by exports and business investment, leaving its monthly economic assessment unchanged today. Consumer prices will rise in the long term, the bank said, while acknowledging inflation will stay around zero ``in the short run.''
The bank raised the key rate from near zero last July, its first increase in six years, and doubled it in February. Deputy Governor Toshiro Muto said last week that borrowing costs need to be raised further in line with the economy's expansion.
Of 16 Tokyo-based economists surveyed separately, seven said the bank will probably raise rates in August or September, and five said it will wait until the fourth quarter. Only one predicted an increase as early as July and three said the bank will pause until next year.
The Tankan survey showed large manufacturers plan to boost spending by 2.5 percent in the year that began April 1, more than economists expected.
``Even with U.S. growth decelerating, we expect the Bank of Japan to raise rates in August or September, given the brisk capital investment plans shown in the Tankan,'' said Seiji Shiraishi, chief economist at HSBC Securities in Tokyo. He said demand from Asia is helping to ease the effect of a U.S. slowdown.
Slower U.S. Growth
Growth in the U.S. will slow to 2.1 percent this year from 3.4 percent in 2006, the World Bank predicted in its semi-annual report last week. East Asia, excluding Japan and the Indian subcontinent, will expand 7.3 percent this year, down from 8.1 percent, the Washington-based lender said.
U.S. new home sales fell to the lowest level in almost seven years in February. Subprime borrowers, typically people with limited or poor credit histories, fell behind on their mortgage payments at the highest rate in four years last quarter.
``It's still unclear how the issue of subprime loans will be settled,'' Nobuo Kuroyanagi, chairman of the Japanese Bankers Association and chief executive of Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group Inc., said last month. ``U.S. growth has a big influence on the global economy, and we're monitoring it very closely.''
Deputy Governor Muto said the U.S. economy will probably achieve a soft landing, with growth returning to potential even if it temporarily slows.
Consumer Prices
Japan's core consumer prices, which exclude fresh food, declined 0.1 percent in February from a year earlier, the first drop since last April. The likelihood prices will keep falling will make it harder for the bank to raise rates in the first half of 2007, analysts say.
``There is very little evidence of the upward pressure on prices that we would normally expect to see at this advanced stage of the economic cycle,'' said Ben Eldred, a Japan strategist at Daiwa Securities Group Inc. in London. ``The chance of a rate rise over summer now appears close to zero.''
Some economists said there's a chance the bank will raise rates before a July Upper House election should it become confident that the U.S. economy will pick up later in the year.
``The worst of the downturn is over for the U.S. economy and we can anticipate foreign demand for Japanese exports to gather steam later this year,'' said Hiromichi Shirakawa, a former BOJ official and now chief economist at Credit Suisse in Tokyo. The Bank of Japan may raise rates as early as May or June, he said.
Demand may be picking up at home, too. Spending among Japanese households rose in the first two months of 2007 after declining every month last year. Economic and Fiscal Policy Minister Hiroko Ota told reporters today that consumption is showing ``brighter signs,'' though wages need to increase more.
To contact the reporter on this story: Mayumi Otsuma in Tokyo at
[email protected]
Last Updated: April 10, 2007 02:25 EDT