WRAPUP 2-Fed speakers air differences on rate policy
Tue Jan 18, 2005 02:20 PM ET
(Recasts with Pianalto comments; adds details)
By Ros Krasny
CHICAGO, Jan 18 (Reuters) - Possible differences on Federal Reserve monetary policy emerged on Tuesday when two regional Fed presidents downplayed the risk of inflation while a third urged greater vigilance against rising prices.
In separate appearances, Minneapolis Fed President Gary Stern and Anthony Santomero, president of the Philadelphia Fed, said interest rates still have room to rise but can most likely continue to do so at a measured pace as inflation stays low.
Sandra Pianalto, president of the Cleveland Fed, followed with a more hawkish view that seemed to favor a more aggressive approach toward inflation.
"It is prudent to move the federal funds rate up to a positive that gives me more confidence that monetary policy is no longer accommodative," Pianalto told a corporate meeting in Pittsburgh.
The central bank cannot underestimate the possibility of inflation creeping in, and pushing up rates sooner rather than later is better than "finding out the hard way," she said.
Fed speakers are out in force this week ahead of the FOMC policy meeting on Feb. 1-2.
Minutes from the December meeting, released on Jan. 4, said that "some" members thought the long period of low interest rates was creating "potentially excessive risk-taking in financial markets."
Those blunt words raised concern that the Fed might accelerate its monetary tightening.
Bond dealers are trying to assess whether the view is widely held on the FOMC or confined to a few members such as Atlanta Fed President Jack Guynn and, based on Tuesday's comments, Pianalto.
Stern earlier told a financial planners group in Minneapolis that he was "not fully persuaded" that excessive risk-taking is occurring.
Santomero did not rule out potential for more aggressive rate policy but returned to the Fed's mantra that the pace of rate changes should be data-driven.
"If signs of price pressure emerge on a consistent basis we will need to consider quickening the pace," he said in a speech to the Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce.
Santomero and Stern, but not Pianalto, are voting members of the Federal Open Market Committee in 2005.
"The Fed is going to keep raising rates and still runs the risk of speeding up their rate hike efforts if the inflation news is bad," said Steve Gallagher, U.S. chief economist at SG Corporate & Investment Banking in New York.
STERN, SANTOMERO SEE GROWTH, LITTLE INFLATION RISK
Santomero and Stern suggested Fed policy could most likely stay on the track it has been on since June, when the fed funds rate was at a four-decade low of 1.0 percent and the FOMC started lifting rates by 25 percentage points at each meeting.
The comments had little impact on the bond market, where short-term rate futures already price in rate increases in February, March and most likely May, pushing the fed funds rate to 3.00 percent.
"If the economy evolves as I expect over the next year or so -- with continued output growth, steady increases in employment and reasonably low inflation -- then I expect we will continue to move the federal funds rate toward neutrality at a measured pace," Santomero said.
Stern termed the U.S. economy "fundamentally sound, fundamentally resilient," and said rates are "clearly not at a restrictive level."
U.S. real GDP growth was about 4 percent and 2005 could bring a similar performance, even given the drag created by high energy prices, Stern told the financial planners.
Santomero pegged GDP growth at 3.5 percent to 4.0 percent and employment growth at 150,000 to 200,000 a month.
Turning to the U.S. trade and current account gaps, Stern said the United States would get a boost if overseas economies grew more quickly.
Santomero said the lagged impact of the lower U.S. dollar should help stabilize the U.S. net export position in 2005. However, he warned that the falling dollar could lessen competitive pressures on domestic producers, adding to inflation.
Market interest rates could also be forced up by the large U.S. budget deficit and by the potential for big inflows of foreign capital into the United States to reverse, Pianalto said.
Later on Tuesday, Jeffrey Lacker, president of the Richmond Fed, discusses "technology and the labor markets" in Greensboro, North Carolina, at 3 p.m. EST (2000 GMT) and Fed Gov. Susan Bies will discuss the economy at 8 p.m. EST (01:00 GMT) in Baltimore. (Additional reporting by Andrea Ricci and Wayne Cole in New York, Andrea Hopkins and Glenn Somerville in Washington and Shawn Regan in Minneapolis)