Grains : corn, wheat, oats,soybeans, soybean meal&oil

MATERIE PRIME N° 65:
I cerali restano sostanzialmente sotto pressione,
ma qualche acquisto favorisce la soia
(a cura di Laura Chiapponi - Teleborsa S.p.a.)

In sintesi

Resta sotto pressione il mercato dei cereali, dove i prezzi hanno raggiunto i minimi dell'anno, scontando una sovrabbondanza al termine di una stagione a dir poco da record. Ciò è stato confermato di recente dall'U.S. Department of Agricolture, che nel consueto report mensile ha rivisto ulteriormente al rialzo le stime di produzione per il mais e la soia, pur considerando gli aumenti di domanda connessi con la produzione di etanolo. Le previsioni dell'USDA di novembre risultano ben più eevate di quelle formulate ad ottobre, il che porterà ad un corposo aumento degli stocks finali. Il mercato recependo le indicazioni fornite dal dipartimento dell'agricoltura americano si è posto al ribasso sul mercato cerealicolo, specie i grandi fondi speculativi, che tuttavia talvolta sono protagonisti di un rialzo temporaneo dei prezzi per effetto di qualche ricopertura.
Per quanto riguarda il corn (mais) l'USDA stima ora una produzione record di 11,741 mld di bushels, circa 128 milioni in più rispetto alle stime di ottobre pari ad un incremento dell'1%. La crescita rispetto all'anno prima risulterebbe pari al 18%. Il rendimento medio per acro è salito a 160,7 bushels (+1,8 bushel rispetto alla stima precedente), risultando in crescita di 18 bushels rispetto all'anno prima. Se realizzati, nota l'USDA, sia i rendimenti che l'intero raccolto risulterebbero dei record, superiori anche ai massimi toccati lo scorso anno a 10,1 mld per il raccolto ed a 142,2 bushels/acro per il rendimento. In circa 19 Stati su 33 della cosidetta Corn Belt (area in cui viene prodotto il mais) il rendimento è ai massimi, grazie alle favorevoli condizioni meteorologiche ad inizio stagione, fatta eccezione per alcuni Stati del Nord come il Wisconsin. Sul fronte consumi l'USDA ha incrementato la domanda per l'alimentazione animale e per gli usi residuali di 25 milioni di bushels (+5%) a 6,075 mld, riducendo al contempo l'export di un pari ammontare. Gli stock finali per questa stagione dovrebbero attestarsi a 1,819 mld di bushels, il livello più elevato degli ultimi quattro anni.
I soybeans (soia) seguono sorti analoghe, dopo che l'USDA ha stimato un raccolto record a 3,15 mld di bushels, ovvero 43 milioni o l'1% in più rispetto alle stime formulate in ottobre. Il raccolto dovrebbe così risultare in crescita del 28% rispetto al 2003 e, se realizzato, rappresenterà un nuovo record. Il rendimento medio per acro dovrebbe risultare pari a 42,6 bushels (+0,6 bushel rispetto ad ottobre e 8,7 bushels più del 2003). I grandi Stati produttori (Michigan, Pennsylvania, Maryland ed il nord e sud Carolina) dovrebbero ottenere rendimenti superori a quelli preventivati nel mese di ottobre, mentre si nota un calo dei rendimenti nel Minnesota ed in Nord Dakota. L'area coltivata a soia dovrebbe essere pari a 74 mln di acri, invariata rispetto alle stime di ottobre ed in aumento del 2% rispetto al 2003. Sul fronte consumi l'USDA ha abbassato le stime sull'export 2004/2005 di 15 milioni di bushels. Gli stock finali sono attesi a 460 mln di bushels, il livello più elevato degli ultimi 18 anni.
Infine il wheat (grano) vedrà la produzione statunitense scendere a 2,16 mld di bushels dai 2,34 mld dell'anno precedente, anche se la produzione mondiale è stata incrementata di 5,2 mln di tonnellate a 616 milioni tonn. Il totale degli utilizzi in Usa è stimato pari a 2,20 mld di bushels, portando a stocks finali di 568 milioni di bushels. Questo livello, seppur rivisto al ribasso rispetto alle stime di ottobre di 569 milioni, risulta in deciso aumento rispett ai 547 milioni di bushels di fine stagione 2004.

I MERCATI



GRANO prezzi in continua discesa per il contratto a termine sul wheat in consegna a dicembre che ha chiuso ieri a 2,99 dollari e 1/4 per bushel, sui minimi dell'anno. Uno sviluppo che non sorprende dato che, a differenza di quanto avvenuto la scorsa stagione, la produzione mondiale di frumento risulta in sensibile aumento per egffetto della migliore annata vissuta dall'Europa, dalla Russia e da altri Stati produttori. il contratto di dicembre, che aveva tentato un recupero la scorsa setitmana sulla scia di qualche ricopertura, ragigungendo un massimo di 3,20 dollari e 1/2 per bushel, ha perso in questa ottava il 6,6%. Sul mercato i findi speculativi risultano prevalentemente short, come evidenziato dall'ultimo Commitment of Traders (COT) dove le short positions dei non commercial hanno ragigunto i 67.005 contratti portando ad una nel long position di -31.249 lotti. Perlopiù long appaiono i commercials con una net log position pari a 21.830 contratti.





MAIS IN flessione i prezzi del corn in consegna a dicembre che ha terminato ieri a 1,97 dollari e 3/4 per bushel, dopo aver tentato un recupero la scorsa ottava sulla scia di qualche ricopertura. La flessione, rispetto ai masismi toccati la scorsa settimana è del 3,9%. E' utili netore che tali valori risultano sostanzialmente allineati a quelli medi previsti dall'USDA nell'ultimo rapporto mensile. il Dipartimento dell'Agricoltura statunitense ha infatti indicato un range di oscillazione di 1,70-2,10 dollari per bushel. La media di questa banda di oscillazione, pari a 1,90 usd, è in linea con il prezzo medio segnato dal corn nelle stagioni record che vanno dal 1998/1999 al 2001/2002. Più grigie le prospettive per il mais, che sta proseguendo in un trend ribassista ed i cui prezzi si sono riallineati a quelli della fine di luglio dello scorso anno. Il contratto di dicembre sul corn ha chiuso infatti a 2,06 dollari e 3/4 per bushel, evidenziando un calo di oltre il 37% rispetto ai massimi raggiunti agli inizi di aprile a 3,30 usd e ½ per bushel. Intanto, dall'ultimo COT risulta che i fondi speculativi (ce ricoprono buona parte delle posizioni dei non commercials) sono prevalentemente corti ed evidenziano una net long position pari a -47.829 contratti. Per contro i commercials detengono posizioni prevalentemente lunghe mostrando un net long position di 87.309 contratti.






SOIA In recupero i prezzi dei soybeans in consegna a gennaio che si sono portati ieri a 5,54 dollari per bushel, perdendo l'1,3% rispetto al masismo raggiunto nella giornata precedente a 5,61 dollari e 1/2 per bushel. Il minimo dell'anno era stato raggiunto a 5,04 dollari e 1/2 per bushel il 5 di novembre, che rappresenta prezzi inferiori a quelli attialli di circa il 10-11%. Da notare che tali prezzi sono in linea con quelli stimati dall'USDA per questa stagione ma non con quelli medi registrati in precedenza. L'USDA ha infatti stimato un prezzo della stagione compreso tra 4,55 e 5,35 usd con un valore medio a 4,90 dollari, un prezzo che risulta ben al di sopra dei 4,62 dollari medi registrati nelle stagioni record che vanno dal 1998/1999 al 2001/2002. Sul mercato intanto il movimento rialzista può essere spiegato, imputandolo ad un rimbalzo tecnoco, dalle più recenti risultanze del COT, ove i non-commercials hanno prepotentemente ridotto le posizioni corte, appainando lo squilibrio con le long positions. La riduzione della pressione in vendita ha consentito ai prezzi di recuperare, anche perchè i commercials mantengono net long positions pari a 52.859 contratti.




Nda 1 bushel equivale a circa 0,025 tonnellate per il mais ed a 0,027 tonnellate per il frumento e la soia.
 
riflessione grafica di Mark, un floortrader del Cbot, dal suo forum corefuture.com

1101478243sf.jpg
 
La mancanza di consegne verso il contratto dicembre nel first notice day ha scatenato un piccolo rally sull'avena. I farmers canadesi inoltre sulla debolezza del dollaro US nei confronti del $canadese non sono incoraggiati a vendere sul cbot



CBOT oats rally on cash markets, no deliveries

CHICAGO, Nov 30 (Reuters) - Oat futures at the Chicago Board of Trade rallied on Tuesday after no deliveries were posted against the December contract on first notice day, traders said.

CBOT oat futures were 7 to 8-1/2 cents per bushel higher by 11:17 a.m. CST (1717 GMT). December <OZ4> was up 8-1/2 at $1.61-1/2, climbing to high of $1.64 earlier.

The lack of deliveries underscored the firm cash markets in Canada, where farmers remain reluctant sellers of oats. Weakness in the U.S. dollar and a strengthening Canadian dollar were not encouraging Canadian farmers to sell oats against the dollar-denominated CBOT futures contract.

The U.S. dollar fell to record low against the euro on Tuesday after remarks on monetary policy by European Central Bank President.
 
in attesa del supply and demand di fine settimana ogni rimbalzo tecnico è buono per riprendere le vendite, oggi i fondi ci stanno dando dentro e il wheat marzo è tornato di nuovo sotto 300 cents


CBOT wheat down as funds sell amid big global crop

CHICAGO, Dec 7 (Reuters) - Soft red winter wheat futures at the Chicago Board of Trade dropped early on Tuesday amid fund selling tied to the big global wheat crop this year, traders said.

At 10:11 a.m. CST (1611 GMT), CBOT wheat was down 4 to 5-1/2 cents per bushel, with December <WZ4> down 5 at $2.88 per bushel. March <WH5> was down 5 at $3.00-1/2.

Man Financial sold 300 March, FIMAT Futures sold 200 March and Prudential Securities sold 100 March, pit sources said.

Traders said the wheat market was setting back from Monday's higher close.

Wheat ended up Monday as several commodity funds bought back some of the wheat contracts they had previously sold. The wheat futures market last week fell to new contract lows and had become technically oversold, which left it vulnerable to a technical upside correction.

Export news overnight and early Tuesday failed to generate any bullish momentum. An Israeli firm issued a tender to buy 25,000 tonnes of feed wheat. Wheat futures traders and analysts said the wheat market needs to see some large wheat export business in orders to sustain gains in the wheat futures market.

There was market talk early Tuesday that Iraq and/or Pakistan might soon buy some wheat, but nothing had been confirmed.

Some underpinning may have stemmed from reports of a decline in Australian wheat production. Australian Wheat Forecasters on Tuesday trimmed its forecast for the 2004/05 wheat crop to 20.6 million tonnes from its forecast last month of 20.78 million tonnes.

Dry weather has been cutting into the Australian wheat crop.

Light deliveries of 180 lots on the December contract on Tuesday and signs of strong commercial stopping failed to stem the decline in the December futures contract. An ABN AMRO customer stopped 153 lots.

Registrations of wheat with the CBOT declined to 1,298 lots late Monday from the previous 1,428 lots.

Cash basis bids for soft red winter wheat in the Midwest were steady and country movement remained quiet.

Technical support in the March contract at $3.03 per bushel was broken, driving the contract to a session low of $2.99-1/2. Resistance was at $3.08. The nine-day relative strength index was at 44 by the close of trading on Monday. Technical traders view an RSI of 30 or less as an oversold market and 70 or more as an overbought market.
 
stamattina nell'elettronico overnight i grains hanno fatto faville, quindi per l'apertura previsto un bel gap-up generalizzato, bene il wheat su timori per il tempo e qualche riflessione sull'eccesso di short dei funds.

Pre-Opening Wheat Market Report for 12/20/2004

March wheat pushed moderately higher in overnight trade on mounting weather concerns for the winter wheat crop.

News that funds hold a record high net short position combined with the overnight move to the highest level since November 26th seems to be a recipe for active short covering early this week. The market had already priced in some of the best crop conditions in history ahead of dormancy for the winter wheat crop, but the threat of cold weather, especially on crops without snow cover in southern Illinois, Indiana and Missouri, was enough of a reason for short covering support late last week. Funds were noted buyers of nearly 2500 contracts. Over the weekend, Pakistan announced a tender to buy 400,000 tons of milling wheat with results for December 30th. In addition, Pakistan is expected to tender for an additional 100,000 tons this week. The CBOT approved tighter vomitoxin restrictions for the wheat futures contracts beginning with the September 2006 contract. The more active export news during a period of traditionally quiet trade could be enough to spark further short covering gains over the near term.

A lack of follow through selling on the early break on Friday and light weather concerns helped support some short covering strength in the market ahead of the weekend. Soft red winter wheat crops in the southern Midwest and the mid-south will need to absorb frigid temperatures this week without snow cover. New crop July wheat seemed to lead the market higher. There is some concern for light damage to crops in the plains and Midwest with a cold front moving in this morning and another (and stronger) cold blast for later this week. Areas without snow cover and with young and undeveloped wheat plants are vulnerable to some damage with the potential for sub-zero temperatures. Soft wheat basis was steady to a bit higher. Traders still await news on the Iraq tender to buy 100,000-150,000 tons of optional origin wheat for Jan-Feb shipment. March wheat closed 7 3/4 cents higher on the week.

Bitter cold weather moving into the central on Thursday is expected to bring lows of near -5 in Chicago, and traders are concerned with the extent of cold weather in Missouri and southern Illinois. Drought caused South Africa to lower itsr wheat crop forecast to 1.752 million tons from 1.864 million as previous forecast. Gulf basis was steady/firm. Pakistan is tendering for 400,000 tons of optional origin wheat and traders await news on Iraq. Support for March wheat comes in at 305 1/2 and 302 1/2 with 308 3/4 and 315 1/2 as next resistance.
 
uscito report USDA di febbraio: corn attesa apertura al ribasso su dati bearish


DJ CBOT Corn Outlook: Flat-Down 1c Following USDA Report
CHICAGO (Dow Jones)--Corn futures at the Chicago Board of Trade now are
called to open steady to 1 cent per bushel lower after Wednesday's U.S.
Department of Agriculture data held a bearish tone and amid some technical
pressure after fresh contract lows were set in overnight dealings.

Traders also warned that the USDA's changes had been expected with some
upward revisions even falling short of expectations.

The USDA raised U.S 2004-05 corn carryout by 50 million bushels to 2.010
billion. This was achieved through an equal cut in U.S. corn exports. Still,
traders said the increase was still below the average trade guess of 2.029
billion.

"The number is higher, but quite a few people were looking for an even bigger
figure," said one CBOT floor trader.

World 2004-05 corn ending stocks were also raised to 117.3 million metric
tons, up from last month's estimate of 114.96 million. In addition to the
increase in U.S. corn ending stocks, the USDA also raised carryout in the
European Union to 5.54 million tons, up from a previous 4.92 million.

The Argentine corn crop was also raised 500,000 tons to 17.5 million, but
traders said recent estimates out of Argentina have suggested a higher crop of
18 million to 19 million. Argentine corn exports were also raised by 500,000
tons to hold Argentine ending stocks steady.

In other news, France's 2005-06 corn area is estimated to decline due to
larger wheat and barley plantings, said the French national grains board ONIC
Wednesday.

On e-CBOT, March corn sank to a new contract low of $1.94 and May corn set a
new contract low at $2.01 3/4 a bushel. March slipped 3/4 cent to end at $1.94
with 879 lots traded, while May sagged 1 cent to end at $2.01 3/4 with 336 lots
moved.

In the daily charts, the contact lows sit at $1.94 1/4 in the March and $2.02
1/4 in the May.

Spread trade is expected to remain a feature with traders rolling out the
March contract in earnest this week. Volume Tuesday totaled 92,993 lots in CBOT
corn futures due to the increased spread trade.
 
commenti sui dati dell'export e sul supply and demand riguardati il wheat


DJ US Wheat Outlook: Steady-Firmer On USDA Export Hike - Feb 9
KANSAS CITY (Dow Jones)--U.S. wheat futures are called to open steady to 1
cent a bushel higher Wednesday on a boost to 2004-05 export estimates, sources
said.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture, in its February supply/demand report,
raised its U.S. 2004-05 wheat export estimate, as some traders and analysts had
expected, by 25 million bushels to 1.025 billion, thus dropping ending stocks
by the same margin to 558 million bushels.

"It's a little bit of supportive news in an otherwise dreary market," said
independent agricultural analyst John Kleist.

The rise in exports is "encouraging" but could be more a function of prices
trading near contract lows than anything else, he noted.

"There's precious little other news around for the wheat market this morning,
so if we trade just this report I would have to give it a steady to higher
call," said Kleist.

The USDA lowered hard red winter stocks by 12 million bushels to 193 million
and dropped hard red spring ending stocks by 15 million bushels to 151 million,
from levels reported in January, which reflected good demand, one source noted.


The USDA cited "higher world imports and stronger-than-expected sales of hard
bread wheats" for the stronger demand.

White wheat stocks were lowered 5 million bushels to 94 million.

However, the USDA made small rises to soft red and durum stocks, by a
respective 5 million and 2 million bushels.

World ending stocks were raised nominally to 145.4 million tons, from 145.3
million in January, which Kleist termed mostly neutral for the market.

The USDA report was a touch friendly for the U.S. wheat market, sources
noted, although flat to slightly lower calls in corn and soybeans could exert
downward pressure on wheat prices shortly after the open.

In other news, French national grains board ONIC Wednesday forecast world
hard wheat prices will remain weak for the next few month as 2004-05 ending
stocks in the main exporting nations are expected to be up substantially from
one year ago. At the same time, the main importing countries are expected to
have "abundant" production of their own, Dow Jones Newswires reported.

Italy's wheat production, the largest producer in the E.U., is expected to
drop 30%-33% for 2005-06 as the government there removes the link between
subsidies and production levels as part of the E.U. common ag policy reform.

The Australian Wheat Board issued relatively low initial estimates of returns
of the 2005-06 wheat crop of A$170-A$180 a metric ton for Australian Premium
White type wheat of 10% protein grown next crop year.

AWB estimates its benchmark Premium White wheat of 10% protein grown this
crop year will return A$197/ton for the No. 1 pool.

Technically, calculated nearby support on CBOT March wheat is at $2.89, then
near $2.86 1/2. Resistance is met at $2.94 1/2, then around $2.97 1/2.

On the e-CBOT trading platform overnight, March wheat was down 1/4 cent to
$2.91 1/2 and May was down 1 cent to $2.99 1/2.
 
Infine uno sguardo sul soybean

DJ CBOT Soy Outlook: Steady-Down 2c Following USDA Report - Feb 9
CHICAGO (Dow Jones)--Soybean futures on the Chicago Board of Trade are seen
starting Wednesday's open auction session with a steady to weaker undertone
following a U.S. Department of Agriculture supply and demand report that did
not produce any major surprises.

Soybean futures are called to open steady to 2 cents per bushel lower.

The lack of any dramatic changes to the fundamental outlook of the market has
traders looking at downside targets again, with a quiet export market and
abundant world stock projections not providing any catalysts to generate any
significant upside movement, trade sources said.

The USDA estimated 2004-05 U.S. soybean ending stocks at 440 million bushels,
a 5-million-bushel increase from January, and the highest level since the
1985-86 marketing year. The increase was not unexpected, but the ending
inventory increase is seen maintaining the bearish bias circulating through the
market, trade sources said.

On the global scene, the USDA's drop in Brazil's crop production forecast by
1.5 million metric tons was mildly supportive, but the increase in world ending
stocks to 61.35 million tons was seen offsetting the supportive influence.

"The increase in the world carryover despite the increase in global
production was a reflection that the USDA was not as optimistic on global
demand as they were in January," said Chad Henderson, analyst with Prime
Agricultural Consultants in Brookfield, Wis.

Domestically, the USDA trimmed soybean crushings by 5 million to 1.655
billion bushels. Despite the lower crush figure, soyoil production was raised
amid an increase in the oil extraction rate, the USDA reported. Soymeal
production was trimmed by 200,000 short tons, with domestic use cut by the same
amount.

Otherwise, traders will continue to watch the development of South American
production, with analyst anticipating global importers will await cheaper
Brazilian and Argentine supplies as their harvests moves forward.

Technically, traders will watch support at the $5.00 per bushel level for a
measure of market weakness. Otherwise, spreading activity is expected to remain
a featured attraction as the market rolls positions ahead of first notice day.


In overseas trade, Rotterdam soybeans and soymeal were flat, and European
vegoils were flat to lower.
 
Interessante analisi sulle dinamiche in atto sulla produzione del corn


The costs of corn after corn

Wednesday, February 15, 2006
By Gary Truitt

With ethanol demand souring the demand for more corn for energy is growing. The USDA now estimates that as much as 14% of the US corn crop will be used to make ethanol. This increase in demand is causing some producers to consider planting continuous corn. An analysis by Purdue Economists points out the potential profits and problems with this kind of cropping system.


There are risks and benefits for producers who choose to abandon rotating corn with soybeans, said Jess Lowenberg-DeBoer and Bruce Erickson. Continuous corn growers should expect higher production costs and will need to produce larger-than-average yields to make the cropping practice worth their while, the economists stated in a recent report.

Lowenberg-DeBoer and Erickson analyzed the economic feasibility of continuous corn versus crop rotation. They found that on a 3,000-acre farm in the Eastern Corn Belt with average rotational yields of 175.9 bushels per acre for corn and 56.6 bushels an acre for soybeans would have to produce at least 225 bushels an acre in continuous corn to meet those higher costs and still earn a profit.

Although several celebrated corn growers are producing continuous corn crops of 300 bushels an acre or more, university research has not shown a yield benefit from switching to long-term continuous corn, Lowenberg-DeBoer said. Field trials indicate growing soybeans after corn reduces disease and insect problems, and provides easier management of crop residue.

"If we can show that long-term continuous corn works on a general basis, then we need to be able to show a substantially higher yield from long-term continuous corn to make it competitive with rotation soybeans," Lowenberg-DeBoer said. "It may need to be as much as 50 bushels an acre more to justify the continuous corn with higher fuel and nitrogen costs.

"If we want to talk specific numbers, then we're talking about maybe $30 an acre more in nitrogen. We also have extra costs in tillage. Fall tillage is a typical part of this system, so it might cost another $20 an acre or so. All of this adds up to being, for the high-yield continuous system, costing somewhere between $80 and $100 more an acre."

The seed costs for many farmers raising continuous corn tends to be a bit higher, said Erickson, who also is an agronomist. "They may want to plant a hybrid with particular traits that does especially well in corn on corn, while there's a broader selection in corn following soybeans," Erickson said. "We've also noticed that people who have been successfully raising continuous corn tend to plant at fairly high planting rates -- maybe higher than would the typical producer. If you're achieving high yields planting corn after soybeans you're planting high planting rates, anyway, but there may be additional seeding costs for the high-yield continuous corn program."

The Purdue economists also found that continuous corn requires a multi-year commitment by farmers, and that producers have to think differently about crop residue and soil fertility. "When they were raising continuous corn for a number of years, it often wasn't the second or third year but after a period of years that producers seemed to get to the point where they were managing residue and returning that residue to the field with tillage," Erickson said. "It seems that the organic matter builds up and then producers are farming in a somewhat different environment than they would if they were in a typical corn-soybean rotation or short-term continuous corn."

While long-term continuous corn poses agronomic challenges for growers, crop genetics advances, ethanol and world commodity markets are making corn on corn production more attractive to farmers in the United States, Lowenberg-DeBoer said. "There's strong competition from Latin American countries for soybean production," he said. "There's the slow increase in average soybean yield, especially in the Eastern Corn Belt, where corn yields have been rising quite consistently and soybeans have not. The growth of ethanol demands more corn. Technology like rootworm Bt corn has made production of continuous corn easier than it was in the past.

© 2006 Learfield Communications
 

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