Fanno un'agenzia deputata a rilevare dalle banche una parte degli asset tossici. Con due problemi: 1) che a quelli che erano gli asset tossici di ieri altri potrebbero aggiungersi domani, ed allora, che si fa ?; 2) a quale prezzo questi asset tossici vanno rilevati ? Perché se il prezzo fosse troppo alto, si grava il bilancio pubblico di costi ulteriori, se fosse troppo vicino ai prezzi di mercato, si generano minusvalenze significative in capo alle banche (e poi tocca ricapitalizzarle nuovamente).
Situazione complicata...
Complicata era ... complicata resta...
Arriva la bad bank irlandese... ma resta incognita per ora la info più importante, ossia a quale sconto verranno rilevati i bad asset (80-90 mld euro in valore nominale) dalle banche.
E tuttavia, arrivano le prime indicazioni (notizie certe si avranno il 16 settembre, quando il disegno di legge istitutivo della NAMA verrà in discussione in Parlamento).
Il ministro delle finanze ha infatti anticipato che il criterio sarà quello del "valore di lungo termine" di tali asset (che potrebbe essere anche superiore, si intende, a quello di mercato attuale), precisando tuttavia che esso sarà, in molti casi, "significativamente inferiore" a quello nominale dell'asset preso in carico (prevalentemente si tratta di finanziamenti all'immobiliare).
Le dimensioni dello sconto segneranno anche se ed in che misura le due maggiori banche prestatrici, Boi e Allied Irish, richiederanno ulteriori iniezioni di capitale pubblico, in aggiunta a quelle già effettuate con l'ingresso dello Stato al 25% del loro capitale sociale.
Gli 80 e passa miliardi in valore nominale in carico a NAMA eccederebbero il valore degli asset nel segmento real estate di colossi del credito quali GECC o Morgan Stanley.
NAMA avrà poteri pieni sugli asset, ergo le banche cesseranno di rispondere della loro performance e il valore di mercato degli stessi non inciderà sui loro bilanci (in questo, la bad bank irlandese è più friendly nei confronti delle banche di quelle tedesche, perché effettivamente trasferisce il rischio in carico allo Stato, salvo ovviamente vedere a che prezzo saranno rilevati gli asset).
Viene da pensare al leggere che i loans erogati alle prime 50 società immobiliari irlandesi (gli irlandesi sono 4,4 milioni di persone) valgano 30 mld di euro e si ipotizza di trasferirli a NAMA già nel 2009. Il totale degli asset (80-90 mld euro) si prevede venga trasferito entro giugno 2010.
L'esito conclusivo della gestione degli asset non sarà noto prima di alcuni anni, ed alcuni postulano ci vorrà un decennio per NAMA onde disporne.
UPDATE 1-Ireland gives "bad bank" wide powers; questions remain
* Govt will give estimate of cost of "bad bank" in Sept
* Detail of how discount will be calculated still to come
* Loans will be valued to reflect long-term economic value
* "Bad bank" will have wide powers to deal with assets
* "Bad bank" should be up and running in autumn
(Recasts following publication of report)
By Carmel Crimmins and Padraic Halpin
DUBLIN, July 30 (Reuters) - Ireland unveiled a draft law on Thursday giving its "bad bank" scheme wide powers to deal with the legacy of a devastating property crash but investors will have to wait until September for clues on how much it will cost.
Ireland was the first country in Europe to propose a nationwide "bad bank" plan to deal with tens of billions of euros in risky property loans that brought its banking system to the brink of collapse, exacerbating an already severe recession.
"The need to clean up the balance sheets of the financial institutions in Ireland -- that's the underlying policy here," Finance Minister Brian Lenihan told a news conference presenting the long-awaited 136-page draft bill.
The most crucial piece of information, what sort of discount the new National Asset Management Agency (NAMA) will demand from the banks in exchange for property loans and associated assets with a book value of 80-90 billion euros, was not included in the document.
But details of how that discount will be calculated along with an estimate of how much NAMA will have to issue in bonds to pay for the assets will be given on September 16, when parliament meets to debate the bill.
Lenihan stressed that NAMA would buy the loans at a price that reflected the assets' longer-term economic value, which in many cases would be "significantly less" than the loan.
The size of that discount will dictate whether the top two lenders, Bank of Ireland (BKIR.I) and Allied Irish Banks (ALBK.I), will require additional state funds on top of an existing 25 percent indirect stake in each lender.
"The picture will become clearer on September 16," Lenihan said.
But the full capital impact on the banks will not be known until the end of June 2010 when over 10,000 loans are moved onto NAMA's books.
POWERS TO SEIZE
At a nominal value of 80 billion euros, NAMA's assets will dwarf the holdings of industry heavyweights GE Capital Real Estate and Morgan Stanley Real Estate, and give it unprecedented influence on property valuations.
Around a quarter of its assets will be based in the UK, mainly in London and Northern Ireland.
The discount on the assets, which will include luxury hotels, office blocks, half-finished projects and land sites from County Antrim to County Waterford, will be decided on a case-by-case basis.
Under the legislation, NAMA will have wide powers to purchase, hold and dispose of assets and will be able to seize collateral, including racehorses, shares and private residences belonging to insolvent developers, if necessary.
Some of the loans are still performing.
"Borrowers who continue to meet their contractual obligations, of course, have no reason to worry - their rights are fully protected," the finance ministry said in a statement.
The agency will start taking over loans later this year and a source familiar with the situation told Reuters that the assets of Ireland's top 50 property developers, with a book value of around 30 billion euros, would be transferred by the end of this year.
Removing the risky property loans will free up the banks' balance sheets and the government hopes, restore the flow of credit throughout the economy.
Lenihan said NAMA's progress would be reviewed after five years but economist Peter Bacon, who advised the government on setting up the "bad bank", said it could take 10 years for the agency to wrap up.
"We will know the outcome of this at the end of the day and the end of the day may be a decade away."
(Editing by Stephen Nisbet)