Water treatment industry grows apace with population
....C'è anche Nalco nel water treatment..
A growing global population and the need for a sustainable, clean water supply drives investment in and development of water membranes
WATER MEMBRANE technology is the wave of the future, as the water treatment industry intensifies its focus on creating clean, drinkable water, as well as sustainable supplies of industrial-use water that will lower the cost of operations.
"We see a bright future in water treatment technology, specifically in membranes themselves, which is why we're investing highly in technology development," says David Klanecky, global research and development director for Dow Water & Process Solutions, a unit of US-based Dow Chemical.
Global demand in the membrane industry is projected to grow by 8.6%/year through 2012 to over $15bn (€11bn), according to an April report by US-based consultancy Freedonia, called World Membrane Separation Technologies.
"The BRIC [Brazil, Russia, India and China] countries and others with large, developing industrial bases and stressed local water resources are expected to post the strongest gains through the forecast period," reported Freedonia. "Increased attention paid to water quality, the disposal of industrial and other waste streams, and food and beverage safety regulations will propel membrane sales."
North America, the largest market, accounted for one-third of global membrane sales in 2007 and is projected to raise sales by 8.3%/year through 2012, according to the consultancy.
The total market size for the industrial water filtration and separation market is currently estimated to be $3.5bn, including all applications in industrial fresh water and industrial wastewater. In comparison, the market size for municipal water filtration and separation is much larger, totaling approximately $6bn, according to Greg Heilbrunn, senior vice president, global marketing, for Pall, a US-based filtration firm.
Growth rates exceed 10% in many parts of Asia, Australia and the Middle East and exceed 3% in other regions, he says.
"There are several reasons for this exciting growth in the membrane market, including [the fact that] customers are replacing aging infrastructure with membrane technology as they expand their existing water treatment plants," says Heilbrunn.
Growth is also driven by new plant construction which is increasingly using high-pressure boilers that require high-quality water for steam, and water shortages in many arid regions of the world that have led to increased reuse of wastewater. Environmental regulations have been mandated for discharged wastewater as well, he adds.
DOW'S LASTING FOOTPRINT
Clean water is fundamental to life, and this continues to drive the economics and value of the water treatment industry, says Dow's Klanecky.
"That's why we feel this is a very promising area for us to participate in. With the world population expected to grow from 6bn today to 9bn in 2050, the demand for water is going to increase significantly over the next 30-40 years. Those dynamics - those global trends - continue to support the water industry," he says.
Conservation and growing demand for water are critical factors. "If you look at the amount of water that's available to the different countries and different regions, the accessible water is typically declining in most areas. The ability to reuse that water is driven by technology," Klanecky notes.
"Many industries are being forced to reuse water. Their industrial facilities are typically along rivers, where the water used from that source is typically cleaned up and then put right back in," he says. "But the question is: Why can't there be a system to continuously reuse the water internally, so less water is withdrawn from the river source?" Klanecky says.
Dow itself has a number of examples where it uses its technology to reuse water. Dow has reduced its water footprint by over 35% in the past five years.
One example is at its site in Terneuzen, the Netherlands, which was reengineered in 2006 to treat municipal wastewater originating from the city. The plant has an integrated membrane system that consists of a continuous microfiltration unit and a two-pass reverse osmosis (RO) unit with Dow's FILMTEC membranes. Since the plant's start-up in January 2007, it has achieved a 20% increase in water recovery, while reducing operational costs by 50%.
A CLOSER LOOK
The water treatment industry employs a number of different membranes ranging from microfiltration to nanofiltration to ultrafiltration, as well as RO membranes.
Dow is focused on ultrafiltration and RO membrane technology.
"The level of quality of water that is desired by the end-user is what really dictates which type of membrane will be used and that, in turn, dictates the type of technology advances needed," says Klanecky.
Ultrafiltration membranes are used in purifying water for drinking water because those membranes are able to remove pathogens and viruses from water.
In addition, RO membranes and ion-exchange resins can purify a step further, by removing dissolved solids, salts and solutes to produce ultra-pure water for use in laboratory settings, for example.
SUSTAINING THE FUTURE
"Conventional systems in water treatment plants often require high operator maintenance and additive usage, and they are sometimes inadequate to handle upset conditions such as high turbidity," says Heilbrunn. "On the other hand, membrane systems perform reliably under a wide range of operating conditions and are much less dependent upon operator attention." Turbidity refers to cloudiness.
Membrane filtration is considered a mainstream technology to cost-effectively meet increasingly stringent regulatory requirements. "Pall is a major player in both the municipal and industrial water membrane markets. Our filtration technology is increasingly becoming a critical step in treating water used as intake and process water for food, beverage, chemical, oil, gas, power and semiconductor production, among others," says Heilbrunn. "Pall's technology enables businesses to conserve and reuse water, and to restore wastewater to environmentally safe levels before discharge."
Meanwhile, Dow continues to invest in water treatment technologies and is actively looking at breakthrough innovation in this space.
"We have recently launched two new brackish water RO membranes: DOW FILMTEC BW30HR-440i and BW30XFR-400/34i membranes. These are targeted to reduce cleaning frequency and improve permeate water quality of the overall RO water treatment system, while reducing downtime and production interruptions due to maintenance. They also offer increased rejection of unwanted solutes - salt, chemicals and organic contaminants - for cleaner water," says Klanecky.
"Our commitment is to drive the cost of desalination and water reuse down by 35% over the next six years, by 2015. At the end of the day, this commitment is what's really driving our development and investment in technology," he adds.
In June, Dow opened its $3m water development lab in Shanghai, China, to serve the Asia-Pacific region in developing applications of its products there. The company also expects to open its new $15m water technology development center in Tarragona, Spain, next year.