-CoCos can work, but the fix will be painful
25/04/2016 13:16 RSF
(The author is a Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.)
By Neil Unmack
LONDON, April 25 (Reuters Breakingviews) - Bank hybrid debt can work, but the fix it requires will be painful. The European Central Bankis having second thoughts about banks issuing securities that can be turned into equity or stripped of their coupons in a crisis, according to reports. Yet better than banning them would be for investors to price them properly. They may need to seereal losses first.
It's no surprise that the ECB has doubts over additional Tier 1 securities, known as contingent capital or CoCos for short. Banks have issued nearly 100 billion euros of these bonds. Yet concerns over Deutsche Bank's ability topay coupons in February turned into misplaced panic over the bank's health.
The case for these quirky securities remains: European banks need capital, and CoCos are cheaper for their issuers than equity. Still, the question facing regulators iswhether CoCos are a reliable form of capital.
Deutsche has already given its answer. Its co-Chief Executive John Cryan thinks CoCos are a "bad product" because they cost a lot to issue, but absorb small amounts of losses. And investors don'tunderstand them: they think such hybrids are safer than they are, creating panic when banks get close to the level at which coupons are cancelled - known as the maximum distributable amount (MDA).
But CoCos could be rehabilitated, especially ifregulators made rules simpler and standardised, so that risks could be better understood. A big part of the panic this year was caused by uncertainty over accounting and capital rules. Giving banks greater discretion to keep paying coupons in case ofa small loss would also help.
Investors are in any case doing a better job of pricing hybrids than they were. The spread, for example between the yields of UniCredit (
UCG.MI)and Societe Generale's (
GLE.EQ) CoCos is now 3 percent, versus 0.5percent points in July last year. CreditSights reckons the Italian bank's "cushion" before coupons are cancelled is just 2.3 billion euros, less than half French bank's 5.9 billion euros.
What investors really need to see is a coupon suspension. That would show that coupons can be cut off without triggering panic, and provide clarity over how severe losses are in such a situation. While it may lead to a smaller market, it should be a more rational one too.
CONTEXT NEWS
- TheEuropean Central Bank is having "second thoughts" about whether banks should issue some kinds of hybrid securities, the Financial Times reported on April 24.
- Additional Tier 1 securities, also known as contingent capital or CoCos, are a form of hybrid debt that allows coupon payments to be cancelled, and principal to be written down or converted to equity, upon certain triggers linked to a bank's solvency.
- Discussions between the ECB and Deutsche Bank resulted in the German bank"scrapping its earlier plans to issue more CoCos", the FT reported.
- Deutsche Bank co-Chief Executive John Cryan said on March 16 that such hybrid securities were a "bad product" that were "too prone to be mis-sold."