black-opal
Vivere è pericoloso perchè si può morire
So that's what investors do: they think about total returns by looking at the excess return from allocating to a particular asset class or investing style. And, as it turns out, many different asset classes converge on roughly the same risk-reward tradeoff: for every 2.5 points you add to the annualized standard deviation of an asset, you pick up around a point of return.
And there are other forms of unfavorable risk/reward tradeoffs: paying higher fees for exposure to the same asset class, for example, is a straightforward cut to returns with no attendant reduction in risk.
And the smallest stocks and worst-rated bonds have worse risk-adjusted returns than average, too: there are buyers who want a lottery ticket, but they're hard to short. So in this particular instance, taking extra risk doesn't pay.
How can we square these observations with the fact that many investors have achieved great success through concentrated bets on a handful of positions? One obvious answer is that some of them are lucky; "lottery ticket" is an accurate pejorative term for assets and strategies whose risk isn't commensurate with reward, but lottery winners do exist.