European Commission’s Approval of State Aid for HSH Is Credit Positive
Last Monday, the European Commission (EC) gave its final approval on state aid for German ship lender
HSH Nordbank AG (HSH, Baa3/Baa3 developing, b33
), confirming its provisional approval in 2013 of the
reinstatement of a second-loss guaranty to €10 billion from €7 billion. The EC’s decision is credit positive for
HSH because it allows the bank to continue its operations and improve its weak financial profile. The
approval requires HSH’s mandatory privatization by 2018, and a failure to privatize by then will result in the
wind-down of the bank, according to the EC’s decision.
The bank’s majority owners, the city state of Hamburg (unrated) and federal state of Schleswig Holstein
(unrated), provided HSH with a €10 billion second-loss guaranty in 2009 at the height of the financial crisis.
HSH in 2011 reduced the guaranty to €7 billion, but this proved to be premature because HSH soon faced
renewed capital pressures and the guaranty was reinstated to its original amount in 2013. HSH’s finances
are weak, burdened by a large ship finance portfolio that totalled €24.6 billion as of June 2015 and which
has struggled amid a persistent global trade slump and structural overcapacity in the sector. The significant
annual fees associated with the guaranty have stifled HSH’s profitability.
The plan that the EC approved offers HSH material short-term relief, including an offloading of €8.2 billion
of impaired loans. HSH will sell €2.0 billion of loans into the market, and will transfer €6.2 billion to a winddown
vehicle owned by Hamburg and Schleswig Holstein. These steps will reduce impaired loans to
approximately €7 billion from about €15 billion as of June 2015, and lower HSH’s impaired loan ratio to 13%
from 23% as of June 2015.
We also expect HSH’s cost of aid to decline substantially. The guaranty fees will amount to 2.2% a year on
the amount not utilised under the guaranty, instead of 4.0% on the entire €10 billion guaranty plus
additional fees under the previous regime. This implies a substantial relief for HSH’s income statement of
about €300 million a year and should allow the bank to demonstrate sustained profitability and to even
retain some profits.
However, the agreement with the EC comes with conditions. The bank’s state owners must radically reduce
their combined stakes to 25% from 85.4% by 2018 at the latest. A failure to do so will result in the bank
being closed and unwound. A wind-down of HSH would raise new risks, particularly for
subordinated creditors.
We believe that additional efforts will be necessary to improve and sustain profitability to secure sufficient
equity investor interest in order for HSH’s privatisation to be successful. The bank’s profitability potential
after the asset sale will probably remain modest despite the relief from a major portion of the state
guaranty related cost. A low return on equity would be an obstacle to the owners’ efforts to sell the bank
sometime during 2017-18.
Moreover, the deal only partially addresses the weaknesses of HSH business model, in particular its large
concentration in highly cyclical sectors. The bank’s asset-based finance business model will still heavily rely
on ship finance activities, albeit to a lower extent.